INDIAN NOTES 
| ~AND MONOGRAPHS 


- Eprrep BY ‘F. W. ‘Hopce 


&. SERIES (OF PUBLICA- 
_ TIONS RELATING TO THE | 
_ AMERICAN ABORIGINES 


BIBLIOGRAPHIC NOTES ON 
_ PALENQUE, CHIAPAS 


BY | 


MARSHALL H. SAVILLE 


R NEW YORK 
"MUSEUM OF THE AMERICAN INDIAN 
HEYE FOUNDATION 


tz 8) 


Tuis series of INDIAN NOTES AND MONo- 
GRAPHS is devoted to the publication of the 
results of studies by members of the staff and 
by collaborators of the Museum of the Ameri- 
can Indian, Heye Foundation, and is uniform 
with Hispanic NOTES AND MONOGRAPHS, 
published by the Hispanic Society of 
America, with which organization this 
Museum is in cordial codperation. 

A List of Publications of the Museum 


will be sent on request. 


MuSEUM OF THE AMERICAN INDIAN 
Heve FouNDATION 


Broapway AT 155TH Sr. 
New York City 


INDIAN NOTES 
AND MONOGRAPHS 


Epir—ep By F. W. HopGeg 


PieweniEs OF PUBLICA- 
TIONS RELATING TO THE 
AMERICAN ABORIGINES 


BIBLIOGRAPHIC NOTES ON 
PALENQUE, CHIAPAS 


BY 


MARSHALL H. SAVILLE 


NEW YORK 
MUSEUM OF THE AMERICAN INDIAN 
HEYE FOUNDATION 


1928 


4 


BIBLIOGRAPHIC NOTES ON 
PALENQUE, CHIAPAS 


BY 
MARSHALL H. SAVILLE 


aa 


BIBLIOGRAPHIC NOTES ON 
PauereNOUE, CHIAPAS 


By MARSHALL H. SAVILLE 


ALENQUE ranks with Copan, Quirigua, and 

Tikal as one of the great achievements of the 

ancient Maya in city planning and building 
during the so-called Old Empire period of Mayan 
greatness. Owing to its isolated situation in the 
State of Chiapas, remote from lines of travel and 
covered with a dense tropical forest, until recent 
times it has been visited by few travelers, and like 
the majority of Old Empire cities, little intensive 
exploration has been done at the site. Rau in 1879 
gave an excellent account of the progress of the 
earlier investigations here in his study of the 
Palenque Tablet, and much information is contained 
in the works of Stephens, Brasseur de Bourbourg, 
Bancroft, and Maudslay. The bibliographic notes 
of Bandelier are useful. 

The ruined city of Palenque appears to have been 
unknown to the Spaniards until the middle of the 
18th century. In 1773 they were first examined and 
critically reported on by Ordofiez y Aguiar. In 
1784 the ruins were again visited and reported on by 


119 


120 BIBLIOGRAPH IG fan 


José Antonio Calderén. The next year the survey 
was continued by the architect Antonio Bernasconi. 
The Royal Historiographer, Juan Bautista Mufioz, 
used both Calderén’s and Bernasconi’s reports in a 
memorandum addressed to José de Galvez, dated 
1786, now preserved, together with Bernasconi’s 
pencil-drawings, in the British Museum. These two 
reports have been translated into French and 
published by Brasseur de Bourbourg (1866). In 
1786 the work of exploration was continued by 
Antonio del Rio, and a report bearing his signature, 
dated Palenque, June 24, but partly in the hand- 
writing of Mufioz, is included in the volume of manu- 
scripts in the British Museum. Later investigators 
at Palenque include Dupaix, Castafieda, Waldeck, 
Stephens, Catherwood, Caddy, Charnay, Maudslay, 
Holmes, Maler, and Blom. Their works are referred 
to under the chronological entries which follow. 

It is hardly necessary to state here that the city 
was abandoned by the Maya a number of centuries 
before the coming of the Spaniards in the 16th 
century. Stephens writes: ‘‘Cortez must have 
passed within twenty or thirty miles of the place now 
called Palenque. If it had been a living city, its 
fame must have reached his ears, and he would 
probably have turned aside from his road to subdue 
and plunder it. It seems reasonable to suppose that 
it was at that time desolate and in ruins, and even the 
memory of it lost.’’ Our present knowledge of the 


ON PALENQUE 121 


import of the hieroglyphic inscriptions bears out 
Stephens’ supposition, for correlation of the dates 
shows that more than a thousand years had passed 
since the city was abandoned. 

While rank tropical growth which overspreads the 
city has perhaps done more than the hand of man to 
accomplish the ruin of the edifices, still vandalism 
has been rampant since their discovery. Del Rio 
(1822) writes that immense masses of stone ruins 
were to be seen in every direction, and in pursuance 
of his desire to explore the place, he ‘‘effected all 
that was necessary to be done, so that ultimately 
there remained neither a window nor a doorway 
blocked up, a partition that was not thrown down, 
nor a room, corridor, court, tower, nor subterranean 
passage in which excavations were not effected from 
two to three yards in depth, for such was the object 
of my mission.’”’ Dupaix (1834) removed several 
small stone slabs with hieroglyphs from the Palace. 
Two of these are now in the Museo Arqueoldégico 
Nacional in Madrid (figs. 2, 3), one is in the Museo 
Nacional of Mexico (fig. 1), and a fourth (fig. 4) has 
disappeared. (See pp. 132-136.) 

Perhaps the most important building at Palenque, 
certainly the most famous, is the Temple of the 
Cross. This edifice formerly contained two sculp- 
tured stone tablets, one on each outer side of the 
doorway, but they were removed between the years 
1807, when they were seen in place by Dupaix, and 
1832, the time of Waldeck’s visit, when they were in 


122 BIBLIOGRAPHIC Bei 


the modern village of Santo Domingo Palenque. 
For a long time they have been embedded in the 
front wall of the church in that village. In the so- 
called sanctuary of the temple, built against the back 
wall of the rear chamber, there were formerly three 
slabs forming the Tablet of the Cross. In 1840, at 
the time of Stephens’ visit, only the first or left slab 
was in place. Stephens writes that the middle one 
had been removed many years before by one of the 
inhabitants of the village, and was lying near the 
bank of the Rio Michol which flows through the city. 
It was at that time drawn by the artist Catherwood. 
It later appeared in the Museo Nacional in Mexico, 
but just when it was carried there I have been 
unable to learn. The third slab, formerly the right- 
hand section of the tablet, is said by Stephens to 
have been broken and unfortunately destroyed. 
‘Most of the fragments have disappeared, but, from 
the few we found among the ruins in front of the 
building, there is no doubt that it contained ranges of 
hieroglyphics corresponding in general appearance 
with those of the stone on the left.” Probably 
stimulated by the visit of Stephens, Mr. Charles 
Russells, United States consul at Laguna, who had 
entertained both Stephens and Catherwood, collected 
all the fragments of this slab and forwarded them to 
Washington, where they arrived in 1842, two years 
after Stephens’ visit to the ruins. They were later 
placed in the Smithsonian Institution, where they re- 
mained until 1908, when, through the initiative of 


ON PALENQUE 123 


Elihu Root, Secretary of State, they were returned to 
Mexico and are now joined to the central slab. In 
the same year the Mexican Government caused the 
first slab to be removed, and the tablet is now 
preserved as an entity in the Museo Nacional. 


1784 


ORDONEZ Y AGUIAR, Ramén de. Memoria relativa 
& las ruinas de la ciudad descubierta en las 
inmediaciones del pueblo de Palenque, de la 
provincia de los Tzendales del obispado de 
Chiapa, dirigida al Ilmo. y Rmo. Sefior 
Obispo desta diocesis. 


Manuscript of 23 ff. copied from the original in the 
Museo Nacional of Mexico. Manuscript formerly 
successively in the libraries of Brasseur de Bourbourg 
and Pinart. It is preceded by all the documents 
relating to the ruins of Palenque in the library of the 
Real Academia de la Historia, Madrid. 


ESTACHERIA, José de. Expediente sobre el descu- 
brimiento de una gran ciudad en la provincia de 
Chiapas, distrito de Guatemala. Nov. 28, 1784. 

Manuscript in the archives of the Real Academia de 
la Historia, Madrid. Bandelier states that it is 
addressed to the Lieutenant Alcalde Mayor of Chiapas 


at Santo Domingo del Palenque, directing him to 
survey the ruins. 


CALDERON, José Antonio. Informe fecho en 15 de 
Diciembre de 1784. 


This report has been published in substance by 
Brasseur de Bourbourg. See entry under 1866. 


1244 BIBLIOGRAPHIGyAG re 


1808 


JuarRros, Domingo. Compendio de la historia de la 
Ciudad de Guatemala. Guatemala. 2 vols. 


In Tratado Primero, cap. I, Juarros gives the 
earliest traceable printed notice of the ruins. An 
abridgment of this work was published in London in 
1823, being an English translation by J. Baily. A 
translation of what Juarros writes concerning Palenque 
follows: 

““St. Domingo Palenque, a village in the province of 
Tzendales, on the borders of the intendencies of 
Ciudad Real and Yucatan. It is the head of a 
curacy; in a wild and salubrious climate, but very 
thinly inhabited, and now celebrated from having 
within its jurisdiction the vestiges of a very opulent 
city, which has been named Ciudad del Palenque; 
doubtless, formerly the capital of an empire whose 
history no longer exists. This metropolis,—like 
another Herculaneum, not indeed overwhelmed by the 
torrent of another Vesuvius, but concealed for ages in 
the midst of a vast desert,—remained unknown until 
the middle of the eighteenth century when some 
Spaniards having penetrated the dreary solitude, 
found themselves, to their great astonishment, within 
sight of the remains of what once had been a superb 
city of six leagues in circumference; the solidity of its 
edifices, the stateliness of its palaces, and the mag- 
nificence of its public works, were not surpassed in 
importance by its vast extent; temples, altars, deities, 
sculptures, and monumental stones bear testimony to 
its great antiquity. The hieroglyphics, symbols, and 
emblems which have been discovered in the temples, 
bear so strong a resemblance to those of the Egyptians, 
as to encourage the supposition that a colony of that 
nation may have founded the city of Palenque, or 
Culhuacan. The same opinion may be formed 
respecting that of Tulha, the ruins of which are still 
to be seen near the village of Ocosingo in the same 
district.” 


ON PALENQUE 125 


1810 


HuMBOLDT, A. von. Vues des cordilléres, et 
monumens des peuples indigénes de l’Amérique. 
Paris. Text and atlas in one volume. 


On pl. 11 is represented a ‘‘relief Mexicaine trouvé a 
Oaxaca,”’ which in reality is the stucco bas-relief on one 
of the eastern piers of the Palace at Palenque. 
Humboldt writes that the sketch was turned over to 
him by the Mexican naturalist Cervantes, with the 
statement that the person who sent the drawing to 
Cervantes assured him that it was copied with the 
greatest care; and that the relief, sculptured on a 
blackish and very hard rock, was more than a meter in 
height. This is the earliest published illustration of 
the Palenque ruins, but the drawing in Humboldt’s 
work does not correspond to those published as a 
result of the Del Rio and Dupaix explorations. It is 
probably either from the Calderén or the Bernasconi 
drawings made respectively in 1784 and 1785, which 
seem not to have been published. 


1822 


CABRERA, Dr. Paul Felix. Description of the ruins 
of an ancient city, discovered near Palenque, in 
the Kingdom of Guatemala in Spanish America: 
translated from the original report of Captain 
Don Antonio del Rio. Followed by: Teatro 
Critico Americano, a critical investigation and 
research into the history of the Americans by 
Doctor Felix Cabrera of the city of Guatemala. 
London. 


The report on the ruins (pp. 1-22) by Del Rio to 
Don José Estacheria is dated Palenque, June 24, 1787 
(a misprint for 1786). At the end are 17 unnumbered 


126 BIBLIOGRAPHIC 2a. 


plates, some of which are signed J. F. W. or F. W., 
the initials of Frederick Waldeck, the lithographer, 
who ten years later went to Palenque and spent more 
than a year at the ruins. 

Two German translations of the work of Del Rio 
were soon issued. The titles are: (1) Huehuetlalpallan, 
Amerika’s grosse Urstadt in dem KG6nigreich Guati- 
mala. Neu Entdeckt vom Capitain Don Antonio del 
Rio, etc., translated by H. Berthoud, mit 17 grossen 
Zeichnungen in Steindruck, Meiningen, 1823; (2) 
Beschreibung einer alten Stadt, die in Guatimala, etc., 
translated by J. H. von Minutoli, mit 14 lithogr. 
Tafeln; Berlin, 1832. 


1823 


BAILY, J., trans. See JUARROS (1808). 


1825 


WARDEN, David B. Description des ruines décou- 


vertes prés de Palenqué. Recuetl de Voyages et 
Mémoires publiés par le Société de Géographie, 
Paris, tome 1, pp. 170-193, pls. v, xiv—xviii. 


The greater part of this article was abstracted from 
the work of Cabrera (1822). 


1830-1848 


KiInG, Edward, Lord Kingsborough. Antiquities of 


Mexico; comprising fac-similes of ancient Mexi- 
can paintings and hieroglyphics . . . London. 
9 vols. 


The report of the third expedition to the ruins of 
Palenque, made by Dupaix in 1807, is included by 
Lord Kingsborough in this monumental work. 

The plates are in vol. Iv, pt. 11, nos. 9-43. The 
descriptive text, being the report in Spanish, is in vol. 
v, pp. 294-339, and an English translation is in vol. 
VI, pp. 473-483. 


ON PALENQUE 127 


1831 


GALINDO, Juan. [Letter.] London Literary Gazette 
and Journal of Belle Lettres, Arts, Sciences, no. 
769, London. 


This article was published also in French. See 
entries dated 1832 and 1833. 


1832 


Corroy, Dr. Francois. Extrait d’une lettre [sur son 
voyage a Palenque]. Bulletin de la Société de 
Géographie, Paris, tome 18, no. 111, pp. 54-56. 

This is a portion of a letter, dated November 10, 
1831, written from Tabasco by a French physician 
resident in that state for a number of years. He 
describes Palenque. It appears that he made several 
visits to the ruins. 

CocHELET, Adrien. Sur les monumens de Palenqué, 
dans l’Amérique centrale, et-sur les routes qui 
conduisent de Mexico 4 Guatemala. Lettre de 
M. Cochelet, consul général et chargé d’affaires 
de France prés le gouvernement de la république 
del’Amérique centrale. Jbid., no. 114, pp. 189- 
197. 

See also this author’s Lettre 4 M. Jomard, z0vd., 
tome 17, no. 106, pp. 101-108, Février 1832. 


GALINDO, Juan. [Sur les ruines de Palenque.] 

Mémoire adressé a M. le secrétaire de la Société 

de géographie de Paris. Jbid., pp. 198-214, 
folded pl. with 12 figs. 

The figures on the folded plate are: 1, Profil des 

galeries; 2, Grand entrée centrale du palais; 3, Plan du 


128 BIBLIOGRAPRAYCyye 


palais; 4, Figure de la facade du palais; 5, Téte au 
dessus de l’un des passages des souterrains; 6, Figure 
gigantesque dans la cour du palais; 7, 8, 10, Se 
trouvent dans cette méme position relative; 11, 
Est au dessus de la fig.no.12. The last six figures are 
of glyphs. On pp. 212-214 is a brief discussion of the 
Maya language, with texts and a short vocabulary. 
The letter is dated “‘Ruines de Palenqué, 27 avril,” 
presumably the year 1831; it was translated into 
English, and published in the London Literary Gazette 
in the year named. 


1833 


GALINDO, Juan. Description of the river Usuma- 


sinta, in Guatemala. Journal of the Royal 
Geographical Society, vol. 111, pp. 59-64, London. 


The ruins of Palenque are merely mentioned; but in 
a footnote (pp. 60-61) is reprinted the account of the 
ruins by Galindo, published in the London Literary 
Gazette for 1831. 


1834 


GALINDO, Juan. A short account of some antiquities 


discovered in the district of Peten, in Central 
America: in a Letter from Lieutenant-Colonel 
Juan Galindo, governor of Peten, addressed to 
Nicholas Carlisle, Esq., F. R. S., secretary. In 
Archeologia, or Miscellaneous Tracts Relating to 
Antiquity, published by the Society of Anti- 
quaries of London, vol. xxv, pp. 570-571, pls. 
lix—Ixx. 


The communication was written from Flores, Peten, 
and bears the date October 28, 1831. Galindo figures 
(pl. lix) four stucco glyphs from the facade of what he 
called the ‘‘study,” the building now known as the 


Ser AlENOUE 129 


Temple of the Inscriptions. One of these glyphs is 
now in the Musée du Trocadero, Paris, and has been 
illustrated by Hamy. See entry under 1897. 


Dupaix, Guillelmo. Antiquités méxicaines. Re- 
lation de trois expéditions du Capitaine Dupaix, 
ordonnées en 1805, 1806, et 1807, por la re- 
cherche des antiquités du pays... accom- 
pagnée des dessins de Castafieda . .. suivi 
d’un paralléle de ces monuments avec ceux . . 
de l’ancien monde par A. Lenoir, etc. Paris. 
2 vols. 


Captain Dupaix went to Palenque in December, 
1807, on his third archeological expedition in Mexico, 
but the explorations were carried on during the 
following year. The plates of Castafieda’s drawings 
are xi to xlvi; the text relating to the expedition, in the 
section Antiquités Méxicaines, premiére partie, occu- 
pies pp. 3-40, Dupaix’s report being pp. 3-36. In 
“Notes et documents divers,’’ no. 1, pp. 3-6, is an 
“Extrait du voyage d’Antonio Del Rio aux ruines de 
Palenque en 1787.”’ Inno. 10, pp. 67-75, is ‘‘ Notions 
transmises par M. Juan Galindo sur Palenque et autres 
lieux circonvoisins,’’ followed in the deuxiéme partie by 
‘‘Examen des planches de la troisiéme expédition du 
Capitaine Dupaix par Alexandre Lenoir,” pp. 73-81, 
pls. xi-xlvi, and supplementary pl. iii (after Humboldt, 
see under 1810). These plates are in the volume 
devoted to plates. 

The report of Dupaix is included in the work of 
Lord Kingsborough (1830-1848), vol. v, pp. 207-343, 
London, 1831. A: review by M. Jomard in Bull. 
Soc. de 'Géogr. de Parts, t. 18, no. 114, pp. 218-220, 
Oct. 1832, evidently refers to this. 

In the report by Del Rio (1822) are drawings of two 
small stone tablets, each containing an inscription of 
six glyphs. In the Dupaix work these are illustrated 
in lithography, preceded by a third, given respectively 


130 BIBLIOGRAPH Fa 


; » FO. ex: 
tae saa nae 


Fic. 1.—Tablet I, Museo Nacional de Arqueologia of Mexico. 


131 


ON PALENQUE 


ico Nacional in Madri 


og 


Museo Arqueol6é 


—Tablet II, 


. 


2 


FIG. 


132 BIBLIOGRAPHIG Rat 


in pls. 39-41. There is a fourth similar tablet, now in 
Madrid, which has never been illustrated. The 
published drawings of the first three tablets are far 
from accurate, and I have therefore had new drawings 
made, correcting inaccuracies, and with a single 
exception have been able to restore glyphs almost 
unrecognizable as originally delineated. Tablet I has 
been drawn directly from a cast from a mold made by 
Le Plongeon; Tablet III is from a not too distinct 
photograph made for me in 1912 and from sketches 
made by me; Tablets II and IV contain well-known 
glyphs found repeatedly in the inscriptions at Pa- 
lenque, and the corrections have been made from the 
drawings by Miss Hunter, published by Maudslay 
(1896-1902). Tablet II was also sketched by the 
writer in Madrid. 

Tablet I. This tablet is illustrated by Dupaix in pl. 
39 and by Lord Kingsborough in pl. 23. It has long 
been in the Museo Nacional de Arqueologia of Mexico. 
It is 15 inches high and about 9 inches wide, the other 
three tablets being practically of the same dimensions. 
Both Le Plongeon and Charnay made molds and casts 
of this slab, Charnay casts being exhibited in several 
museums. The drawing (fig. 1) is from a cast from 
the Le Plongeon mold in possession of the writer. 
This slab was discovered by Dupaix in a subterranean 
chamber of the Palace. He writes that, after ex- 
ploring the various corridors, ‘‘we therefore ascended 
by a different staircase, affording an egress near an 
angle of the building, on the landing place of which I 
discovered a stone, which I have preserved as a 
curious relic. This stone, being strongly embedded in 
the wall, was removed with difficulty.” The lower 
left-hand corner of the tablet is missing, probably 
having been broken off in the work of taking it out of 
the wall. 

Tablet I presents many glyphs easy of decipher- 
ment. Glyph 1 is a combination of two characters. 
The section at the left is the sign for the year of 360 
days called tun. Above is a dot, the sign for 1, 
showing acount of1Tun. The other section is a day- 


ON PALENQUE 133 


Fic. 3.—Tablet III, Museo Arqueolégico Nacional in Madrid. 


10 


134 BIBLIOGRAPHIC 


sign, ahau, the two bars and two dots designating the 
number 12, hence the day 12 Ahau. The small 
serpent-like object above is frequently found in Mayan 
inscriptions, and Bowditch has given the name “ Ahau 
with serpent’’ to this glyph. Glyph 2 of the left-hand 
section seems to be the month 7 Ceh. The right-hand 
section shows the well-known hand sign. Glyph 3 is 
the sign for a katun, a period of 20 times a year of 360 
days, or 7200 days; hence 11 katuns or 79,200 days are 
expressed. The other glyphs have not yet been 
deciphered, with the exception of the right-hand 
section of glyph 5, which seems to represent the sign 
for the day Imix. 

Tablet II. This tablet, which is illustrated by Del 
Rio (pl. 15), Dupaix (pl. 40), and Lord Kingsborough 
(pl. 42), is now in the Museo Arqueolégico Nacional 
of Madrid. The drawing (fig. 2) is based on Dupaix, 
aided by a sketch by the writer. Glyphs 1 and 2 
represent dates. Glyph 1 I am inclined to identify 
as the day Oc preceded by the conventional sign for 
the number 7 expressed by a bar (5) and two dots, 
making the number 7. It might also be either the day 
Cimi or Eb. The glyph following (no. 2) certainly 
expresses the month 4 Xul. Further study of this 
inscription should reveal the true character for the day. 
In glyph 5 are represented a count of 14,400 days. 
Glyphs 4 and 6 are common at this site, but glyph 3 is 
rather unusual. The left-hand section of glyph 6 may 
be a face numeral. 

Tablet III has never before been illustrated. Our 
reproduction (fig. 3) is based on a photograph and a 
sketch by the writer. The slab is now in the Museo 
Arqueolégico Nacional of Madrid. The six glyphs 
are all found in one form or another at Palenque. In 
glyph 4 we find 2 katuns or 14,400 days expressed. 
The number 7 is certainly indicated in glyphs 5 and 6, 
but the main part of glyph 5 bears a strong re- 
semblance to the glyph representing the north. 

Tablet IV. This tablet is illustrated by Del Rio 
(pl. 16), Dupaix (pl. 41), and Kingsborough (pl. 42). 


ON PALENQUE 135 


Its present provenience is unknown to the writer. 
The drawing, fig. 4, is based on Dupaix, corrected by a 
study of the inscriptions of Palenque published by 
Maudslay. In this slab the arrangement of the 
glyphs is different from that on the other three 
tablets, being placed in two lines of three glyphs 


Fic. 4.—Tablet IV, present location unknown. 


instead of three lines of pairs. Glyphs 1 and 2 occur 
frequently in the long inscription of the Temple of the 
Inscriptions, being apparently the date 5 Lamat 1 
Mol. Glyph 3 is the sign for the month called Uinal, 
consisting of 20 days. The conventional sign for the 
number 8 indicates 8 times 20, or 160 days, to which 
must be added two single days as shown by the two 
dots at the left, making a total of 162 days expressed 
by the glyph. Glyph 4 is the unrecognizable one 
referred to above; and from the drawing I have been 
unable to find a similar glyph in the Palenque in- 
scriptions. Above are two small characters, the well- 
known sign ik ben. Probably one could find its 


136 BIBLIOGRAPHIG 


counterpart in Palenque by a study of the original 
tablet if it could be found. Glyph 5 is very common 
at Palenque, but its import is not known. The last 
glyph, number 6, is the character for the katun, the 
period of 7200 days. .The numeral 3 at the left 
indicates a count of 21,600 days. 


1835 


BUSTAMANTE, Miguel. Observaciones sobre el dibujo 
de un relieve de Palenque remitido al Museo 
Nacional por el Sr. Waldeck. Revista Mexicana, 
Mexico, tomo I, no. 4, pp. 498-500. 


1837 


Gonpra, I. R. Antiguedades mexicanas. Extracto 
del viage de D. Antonio del Rio, a las ruinas del 
Palenque en 1797. El Mosaico Mexicano, 
Mexico, tomo 11, pp. 330-334, 1 pl. 

The illustration presents a view of the palace. 


1838 


WALDECK, Frederick. Voyage pittoresque et archéo- 
logique dans la province d’Yucatan (Amérique 
centrale), pendant les années 1834 et 1836. 
Paris. 


In pl. xviii, fig. 3, of this folio is illustrated a human 
head in stucco from a cornice in the ‘‘Temple of the 
Dead.”’ In pl. xxii is a drawing of the stucco deco- 
ration over one of the openings to the subterranean 
chambers of the Palace, described on pp. 105-106. 

According to Brasseur de Bourbourg, Waldeck 
arrived in Palenque on May 12, 1832. He left there 
some time during 1833, for in the first paragraph of his 


ON PALENQUE 137 


Voyage Pittoresque he states that on December 5, 
1833, cholera morbus broke out in Frontera, so that he 
could not return to Palenque. Hence he continued 
his voyage (probably from Vera Cruz) to Yucatan, via 
Campeche, although Brasseur de Bourbourg states 
that he [Waldeck] spent three entire years at Palenque. 


1840 


Cappy, John Herbert. The City of Palenque. 
[Manuscript report on explorations made in 
Palenque early in 1840.] 36 pp. with portfolio, 
15 x 21 inches, containing a plan of the palace, 24 
sepia paintings of buildings and sculptures, a 
folding map of the peninsula of Yucatan, and a 
sketch map of the ruins. 


Stephens and Catherwood made their first trip to 
Middle America in the autumn of 1839. While in 
Belize, British Honduras, they met Mr. Patrick 
Walker, secretary of the Colonial government, and 
Captain John Herbert Caddy, of the British Royal 
Artillery. These two gentlemen made an expedition 
to Palenque two or three months later, and Stephens 
writes that while he was at Guatemala City in April, 
1840, he received word from Lieutenant Nichols, aide- 
de-camp of Colonel MacDonald who had just arrived 
from Belize, that they had set out for Palenque by 
way of the Belize river, but had been speared by the 
Indians. The two American explorers arrived at 
Palenque late in the spring, and Stephens states that 
when he reached the village of Santo Domingo de 
Palenque, the prefect of the town told him that he had 
been expecting his arrival for some time, as Don 
Patricio had told him that he was coming. He soon 
learned that Don Patricio was Mr. Walker. Stephens 
continues: ‘‘This was the first notice of Mr. Walker 
and Captain Caddy I had received since Lieutenant 
Nichols brought to Guatemala the report that they 


138 BIBLIOGRAP RIC 


had been speared by the Indians. They had reached 
Palenque by the Belize river and Lake Peten, without 
any other difficulties than from the badness of the 
roads, had remained two weeks at the ruins, and left 
for the Laguna and Yucatan.” 

Captain Caddy, who was an artist of no mean 
ability, drew some plans of the ruins and made a 
number of remarkable sepia sketches of buildings and 
sculptures. On his return to England he carefully 
finished the plans and sketches with the idea of 
publishing a work. A note written on the manuscript 
report which he prepared states that he read it before 
the Society of Antiquaries in London on January 13, 
1842, but I find no record of the reading in the publi- 
cations of the Society. The prompt appearance in 
1841 of the results of the investigations of Stephens 
and Catherwood, before Captain Caddy had time to 
complete his own report, forestalled the publication of 
Captain Caddy’s investigations, and it has therefore 
remained in manuscript, unknown to students. In 
the spring of 1923 I had the good fortune to meet in 
New York, Miss Alice Caddy, granddaughter of 
Captain Caddy, from whom I learned of the existence 
of this work in possession of her father, a resident of 
Ottawa. Through the kindness of Miss Caddy, the 
manuscript and portfolio have been placed in my 
hands for publication. 

The portfolio contains some sketches not found in 
Stephens’ work, and a number of the drawings are 
more accurate than those of Catherwood. While it 
adds but little to our knowledge of the ruins, owing to 
investigations by later explorers equipped with 
cameras, yet the artistic quality of Captain Caddy’s 
work merits its publication; indeed it is highly im- 
portant to thus record the results of all pioneer 
researches, as the ruins have deteriorated considerably 
since the early years of the last century. 


ON PALENQUE 139 


1841 


STEPHENS, John Lloyd. Incidents of travel in 
Central America, Chiapas, and Yucatan. New 
York. 2-vols, 

The account of Palenque appears in vol. 11, pp. 280- 


365, 32 pl. Stephens and Catherwood were at 
Palenque late in the spring of 1840. 


1844 


CATHERWOOD, Frederick. Views of ancient monu- 
ments in Central America and Yucatan. 
London. (Also New York.) 

In the introduction to this folio (pp. 6-7) there is a 
brief notice of Palenque, calling attention to pls. 6 and 
7. Pl. 6isa general view of the ruins; pl. 7 consists of 
two views, the upper being the “principal court of the 


Palace,”’ while the lower picture shows the interior of 
House 3 of the Palace. 


1854 


STEPHENS, John Lloyd, and CATHERWOOD, Frederick. 
Incidents of travel in Central America, Chiapas, 
and Yucatan. By thelate John Lloyd Stephens. 
Revised from the latest American edition, with 
additions, by Frederick Catherwood. London. 

The account of Palenque is in chapters xxxii- 
XXXVili, pp. 399-480, ill. 45-76. The plates in this 
single-volume edition of Catherwood are from revised 


drawings, most of the illustrations, at least, being 
newly drawn. 


140 BIBLIOGRAPHIC (NY 


1857 


MoreELeET, Arthur. Voyage dans l’Amérique cen- 
trale, l’ile de Cuba et le Yucatan. Paris. 2 
vols, with maps and engravings. 


Morelet visited Palenque in 1847, and describes the 
ruins in vol. 1, chap. xX, pp. 245-285. See entry under 
1871. 


1863 


CHARNAY, Désiré. Cités et ruines américaines. 
Mitla, Palenqué, Izamal, Chichen-Itza, Uxmal. 
Recueillies et photographiées par Désiré 
Charnay avec une texte par M. Viollet-le-Duc. 
(With atlas of plates.) Paris. 


The ruins of Palenque are briefly treated by Viollet- 
le-Duc under the title ‘‘Antiquités Américaines”’ (pp. 
72-74), from a study of the photographs and notes 
made by Charnay. Charnay describes the ruins in 
the section ‘‘Le Mexique 1858-1861, Souvenir et 
Impressions de Voyage,’’ chap. xiii, pp. 411-441. 

The atlas is an oblong folio of 7 pp. and 49 pls. 
Pls. 19-22 are of Palenque. 


1865 


WALDECK, Frederick. Description du bas-relief de 
la croix, dessiné aux ruines de Palenque en 1832. 
Revue Américaine, Paris, deuxiéme série, tome 
II, pp. 69-88, pl. 2. 


The folded plate illustrates the tablet of the Temple 
of the Cross, drawn by Waldeck. 


ON PALENQUE 141 


1866 


WALDECK, F. DE, and BRASSEUR DE BOURBOURG, 
Charles Etienne. Recherches sur les ruines de 
Palenqué et sur les origines de la civilisation du 
Mexique. Par M. l’Abbé Brasseur de Bour- 
bourg. Text publié avec les dessins de M. de 
Waldeck sous les auspices de S. E. M. le 
Ministre de 1l’Instruction Publique. Paris. 
(Avant-propos, xxiii pp.; Introduction, pp. 1-27; 
Recherches sur les ruines de Palenqué et sur les 
origines de l’ancienne civilisation du Mexique, 
pp. 29-84.) 

Monuments anciens du Mexique. Palenqué 
et autres ruines de l’ancienne civilisation du 
Mexique. Collection de _ vues, _ bas-reliefs, 
morceaux d’architecture, coupes, vases, terre 
cuites, cartes et plans. Dessines d’aprés nature 
et relevés par M. de Waldeck. Texte rédigé par 
M. Brasseur de Bourbourg. Ouvrage publié 
sous le auspices de S. E. M. le Ministre de 
l’Instruction Publique, viil pp., 56 pl. Paris. 


Forty of these splendid lithographic plates reproduce 
Waldeck’s drawings made at Palenque. 


1866-1867 


BRASSEUR DE BourBourG, Charles Etienne. Dé- 
couverte et explorations des ruines de Palenque. 
Revue Américaine, Paris, premiére année, nos. 
1-2, Nov. 1866, Jan. 1867. 


This is the introduction of the large work. See 
entry under 1866. 


142 BIBLIOGRAPHIC. 


VIOLLET-LE-DUC, Eugéne Emanuel. Ciudades y 
ruinas Americanas. Mitla, Palenque, Izamal, 
Chichen Itza, Uxmal. Recogidas y fotogra- 
fiados por Desire Charnay con un texto por M. 
Viollet-le-Duc arquitecto del gobierno. Obra 
dedicada a S. M. Napoleon III. Traducida del 
Frances por José Guzman. Mexico. 


A translation by José Guzman of Antiquités 
Américaines, 1863. Palenque is described on pp. 
45—46. 


1871 


MorELET, Arthur. Travels in Central America in- 
cluding accounts of some regions unexplored 
since the conquest. From the French of the 
Chevalier Arthur Morelet by Mrs. M. F. Squier. 
With introduction and notes by E. Geo. Squier. 


New York. 


In this English translation of the travels of Morelet, 
an abstract only, the description of Palenque com- 
prises chapter ii, pp. 65-111, 2 ills. Morelet spent a 
Agee at the ruins in April, 1846. See entry under 
1857. 

A German translation of Mrs. Squier’s edition was 
published in Jena in 1872 under the title, Reisen in 
Central-Amerika, von Arthur Morelet. In deutscher 
Bearbeitung von Dr. H. Hertz. viii—362 pp., map and 


plates. 
1877 
BoppAM WHETHAM, J. W. Across Central America. 
London. 


Boddam Whetham made his journey to Central 
America in 1875, He describes his trip to Palenque on 


ON PALENQUE 143 


pp. 326-336. ‘‘After a trip to the ruins, one feels that 
modern life here is a sorry burlesque on that ancient 
Indian civilization which lies buried in the thick forest 
on the other side of the green valley. . . . Concerning 
the strange race of beings who inhabited the city how 
little is known! who they were and whence they came 
is mere conjecture, whither they went when they 
quitted their homes is wrapped in mystery. They 
disappeared as completely as did the blind C:dipus, 
when he wandered into the sacred woods of the 
Eumenides and was never heard of or seen again.”’ 


1879 


Rau, Charles. The Palenque tablet in the United 
States National Museum, Washington, D. C. 
Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge, vol. 


xxiI (Smithsonian Pub. 331), Washington. 76 
Dp. pL, 17 fe. 

This study includes an account of the various 
explorations made at Palenque, with descriptions of 
the Temple of the Cross, and of the famous tablet of 
the Cross made up of three slabs, of which the last 
section was at that time in the National Museum at 
Washington. Rau gives the history of this tablet, 
with an attempt at interpretation, but his study was 
conducted before much progress had been made in 
determining the true character of the inscriptions, 
although he nears the mark when he states, ‘‘I venture 
to suggest that its inscription constitutes a chrono- 
logical record of some kind.” 

Translated into Spanish and published under the 

: title, Tablero del Palenque en el Museo Nacional de 
los Estados Unidos, in Anales del Museo Nacional, 
tomo II, entrega 3, Mexico, 1880. 

Also translated into French: La Stéle de Palenque, 
and published in Annales du Musée Guimet, tome x, 
Paris, 1884. 


1444 BIBLIOGRAPHIC NOTES 


MALER, Teobert. Nouvelles explorations des ruines 
de Palenque. La Nature, Paris, 7° ann., 2®sem., 
pp. 299-302. 
1880 


MorGAn, Lewis H. A study of the houses of the 
American aborigines; with suggestions for the 
examination of the ruins in New Mexico, Ari- 
zona, and the valley of the San Juan, and in 
Yucatan and Central America. Archeological 
Institute of America, First Annual Report of 
the Executive Committee, 1879-1880. Cam- 
bridge. 

The above study occupies pp. 27-80. In it Mr. 
Morgan attempts to show, based chiefly on the group- 
ing of the ruins of Uxmal, but also considering Palen- 
que (pp. 74-77), that the ruined cities of Yucatan and 
Central America are to be classed as communal struc- 


tures, ‘“‘joint-tenement houses of the aboriginal 
American type.” 


Rice, Allen Thorndike. Ruined cities of Central 
America. North American Review, New York, 
vol. CCLXxxv, pp. 89-108, August. 


An introduction by the editor of the North American _ 
Review to a series of articles by Désiré Charnay 
describing his explorations among the ruined cities of 
Mexico and Central America in 1880-1882. This 
expedition was under the auspices of the French 
Government and of Mr. Pierre Lorillard, who defrayed 
the greater part of the expense. Several of the 
buildings of Palenque are described by Rice on pp. 
103-107. The articles by Charnay commenced in 
September, 1880, and continued through eleven 
numbers. Those devoted to Palenque appeared in 
1881. 


ON PALENQUE 145 


CHARNAY, Désiré. Mes découvertes au Mexique et 
dans l’Amérique du Centre. Tour du Monde, 
Paris, tome XLII, pp. 323-336, 12 ill. 


For a Spanish translation see entry under 1884. 


1881 


MorcGAn, Lewis H. Houses and house-life of the 
American aborigines. Contributions to North 
American Ethnology, vol. tv, Washington. 

This is an extended study, of which the entry under 
1880 is simply a specially prepared article. Chapter 
ix, pp. 251-276, cover the ‘‘Ruins of houses of the 
sedentary Indians of Yucatan and Central America.” 
The same arguments are adduced to prove the com- 
munal character of the Middle American ruins. 
Palenque is treated on pp. 268-269. 

BANDELIER, Adolphe F. Notes on the bibliography 
of Yucatan and Central America; comprising 
Yucatan, Chiapas, Guatemala (the ruins of 
Palenque, Ocosingo and Copan), and Oaxaca 
(ruins of Mitla). A list of some of the writers on 
this subject from the sixteenth century to the 
present time. From Proceedings of the American 
Antiquarian Society, Worcester, Oct. 21, 1880. 


On pp. 19-22 Bandelier devotes a section to 
‘“‘documents relative to the exploration of Palenque.’ 


CHARNAY, Désiré. The ruins of Central America. 
North American Review, New York, pt. VI, 
pp. 491-496, March; pt. vil, pp. 578-584, 
April. 


146 BIBLIOGRAPHIC NOTES 


In these articles Charnay describes his explorations 
at Palenque. The definitive account will be found in 
the French and English narratives published in 1885 
and 1887. See Rick (1880). 


1882 


DE Rosny, Leon. Les documents écrits de l’anti- 


quité américaine. Compte-rendu d’une mis- 
sion scientifique en Espagne et en Portugal. 
Mémoires de la Société d’Ethnographie, no. 3, 
Paris. 

In pl. 3, opposite p. 74, de Rosny illustrates a 
beautiful bas-relief in stone from the ruins of Palenque, 
in the Museo Arqueolégico Nacional de Madrid. It 


is wrongly captioned as being Yucatecan. See our 
fig. 5. 


BANCROFT, Hubert Howe. The works of Hubert 


Howe Bancroft. Vol. 1v, The Native Races: 
vol. Iv, Antiquities. San Francisco. 


A résumé (pp. 289-346) describing the ruins, based 
on the works of various explorers, with illustrations. 
Valuable for its bibliographic notes. 


1883 


CATALOGUE de la collection archéologique provenant 


des fouilles et explorations de M. Désiré Charnay 
au Mexique et dans |l’Amérique centrale pen- 
dant les années 81 et 82. Exposée provisoire- 
ment dans le palais du Trocadéro. Paris. 


On pp. 9-10, illustrations 34-44 and 46-61 are from 
casts of Palenque sculptures. 


WGN Pr ALENOQUE 147 


Fic. 5.—Stone tablet from Palenque in the Museo Arqueolégico 
Nacional, Madrid. 


1448 BIBLIOGRAPHIC NOTES 


1884 


OseErR, Frederick A. Travels in Mexico and life 
among the Mexicans. San Francisco. 


It does not seem probable from the text that Ober 
visited Palenque, but chap. 1x is devoted to “‘ Palenque 
and the phantom city.’’ See pp. 155-172, with 6 
illustrations after Stephens. 


CHARNAY, Désiré. Mis descubrimientos en Mexico 
y en la America Central. America Pintoresco, 
Barcelona, pp. 322-340, 11 ill. 


This is a translation of the narrative published in 
Tour du Monde, 1880. 


MALER, Teobert. Mémoire sur l’Etat de Chiapa, 
Mexique. Revue d’Ethnographie, Paris, tome 
111, num. 4, July-August. 


Maler describes his first visit to Palenque in 1877 
when he spent three weeks there. See pp. 322-336, 
and figs. 131-132. ; 


1885 


THomas, Cyrus. Palenque visited by Cortez. 
Science, New York, vol. v, no. 108, pp. 171-172, 
Feb. 27. 


This short paper is based on Maler’s report [1884] in 
which he expresses the belief that Palenque answers 
the description of one of the inhabited places visited by 
Cortés in 1525, when he made his famous overland 
march to Honduras. 


BRINTON, Daniel Garrison. Did Cortes visit Palen- 
que? IJbid., vol. v, no. 112, p. 248, Mar272 


ON PALENQUE 149 


CHARNAY, Désiré. Les anciennes villes du nouveau 
monde. Voyages d’exploration au Mexique et 
dans l’Amérique centrale par Désiré Charnay. 
1857-1882. Paris. 

Palenque, pp. 179-218, 27 ill. 


1887 


CHARNAY, Désiré. The ancient cities of the New 
World. Being voyages and explorations in 
Mexico and Central America from 1857-1882. 
Translated from the French by J. Gonino and 
Helen S. Conant. New York. 


Palenque, pp. 211-261, 27 ill. See notice of the 
last expedition under Rice (1880). 


1888 


ROCHEFOUCAULD, F.A.dela. Palenqué et la civili- 
sation Maya. Paris. 


1889 


PoLAkowsky, H. Prahistorische Stadt bei Palenque. 
Internationales Archiv fiir Ethnographie, Leiden, 
Bd. u, p. 229. 


1890 


PENAFIEL, Antonio. Monumentos del arte Mexi- 
cano antiguo. Berlin. 3 vols. 


In vol. 1 of the plates, pls. 142-143 comprise three 
drawings of Palenque reliefs. Pl. 144 is a splendid 
photograph of the panel illustrated in our fig. 1. 


11 


150 BIBLIOGRAPR EITC 


1891 


GROSSE, Ernst. Gegenstande aus Palenque. Inier- 
nationales Archiv fiir Ethnographie, Leiden, Bd. 
Iv, pp. 164-165, 204-205, pl. xiv with 10 ills. of 
pottery (mostly fraudulent). 


1892 
Tuomas, Cyrus. A brief study of the Palenque 


tablet. Science, New York, vol. x1x, no. 488, 
pp. 328-329, June 10. 


SELER, Eduard. Some remarks on Prof. C. Thomas’s 
brief study of the Palenque tablet. Jbid., vol. 
xx, no. 493, pp. 38-39, July 15. 


Tuomas, Cyrus. The Palenque tablet. Jbid., vol. 
xx, no. 496, p. 80, August 5. 


1893 


Paso y Troncoso, Francisco del. Catalogo de la 


Seccién de Mexico, Exposicion Histérico-Ameri- 
cana de Madrid. Madrid. 


In tomol, p. 25, is a notice of the expedition of Sres. 
Rio de la Loza and Romero to the ruins. Sr. Rio dela 
Loza made photographs of the structures, while Sr. 
Romero drew a plan of the Palace. Various pieces of 
stucco figures, pieces of pottery, and some human 
remains were gathered and brought away by the 
expedition. In tomo 1, pp. 382-385, the plans and 
photographs are described, and on pp. 392-393 are 
listed the few antiquities collected by the commission 
at Palenque, which objects are now in the Museo 
Nacional of Mexico. 


ON PALENQUE 151 


Cresson, H.T. A row of hieroglyphs. Casa no. 2, 
Palenque. Science, New York, vol. xxII, no. 
546, pp. 30-31, 6 figs., July 21. 


VALENTINI, Philipp J. J. Palenque hieroglyphs. 
Ibid., no. 550, pp. 90-91, August 18. 


Tuomas, Cyrus. Palenque hieroglyphs. Jbid., no. 
Saonp-. 135; Sept. 8. 


1894 


BRINE, Lindesay. Travels amongst the American 
Indians, their ancient earthworks and temples, 
including a journey in Guatemala, Mexico and 
Yucatan, and a visit to the ruins of Patinamit, 
Palenque and Uxmal. 


Captain, later Vice-Admiral, Brine visited Palenque 
in 1869. For his descriptions, see pp. 294-317, 3 pl., 1 
fig. 


1895 


HAEBLER, Karl. Die Maya-Litteratur und der 
Maya-Apparat zu Dresden. Centralblatt fiir 
Bibliothekswesen, Leipzig, XII Jahrgang, 12 
Heft. 


VALENTINI, Philipp J. J. Analysis of the pictorial 
text inscribed on two Palenque tablets. Pro- 
ceedings American Antiquarian Society, Wor-. 
cester, 24 pp., 2 pl., October. 


See entry under 1896. 


152 BIBLIOGRAPH ity 


GALINDO y VILLA, Jesus. Catalogo del Departa- 
mento de Arqueologia del Museo Nacional, 
Mexico. Primera parte, Galeria de Monolitos, 
Mexico. 


Galindo y Villa, on p. 84, under numbers 272 and 
273, describes two sculptures from Palenque as 
follows: ‘‘Ambas con caracteres mayas. La primera 
es una losa que tiene rota una esquina, labrada por sdélo 
una de sus caras, de 0™40 de long. por 026 delat... 
La segunda es un fragmento labrado solo por una de 
sus caras: la superficie labrada tiene 043 de long., por 
0™18°de latitud.” The first sculpture is illustrated 
in our fig. 1. 


1896 


THOMPSON, Edward H. Ancient tombs of Palenque. 
Proceedings American Antiquarian Society, Wor- 
cester, 6 pp., 1 folding pl., October. 


VALENTINI, Philipp J. J. Analysis of the pictorial 
text inscribed on two Palenque tablets. Part II. 
Ibid.,; 21 pp., 2, pl: 

See entry under 1895. 


1896-1902 


Maupstay, Alfred P. Biologia Centrali-Americana; 
or contributions to the knowledge of the fauna 
and flora of Mexico and Central America. 
Edited by F. Ducane Godman and Osbert 
Salvin. Archaeology by Maudslay. London. 
Vol. Iv, text, pp. 1-38, 3 fig.; vol. Iv, pl. i—xciii. 


This report on the ruins of Palenque occupies the 
entire fourth and last volume of the monumental work 


ON PALENQUE 153 


by Maudslay. Based on an expedition in 1890-1891, 
it contains plans of the ruins, and photographs and 
drawings of all the buildings and sculptures in situ, 
known at that time. Reviewed by Saville, M. H., 
in Monumental Records, New York, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 
23-25, 2 ill., Oct. 


1897 


GoopMAN, J. T. The archaic Maya inscriptions. 
In Biologia Centrali-Americana, op. cit., Ap- 
pendix to Archaeology. London. 


A treatment of the Palenque inscriptions is found on 
pp. 135-141. This fundamental work on the Maya 
calendar system is based on a study of the photographs 
and drawings furnished by Maudslay. 


1897 


Hamy, E.-T. Galerie américaine du Musée d’Eth- 
nographie du Trocadero. Choix de_ pieces 
archéologiques et ethnographiques décrites et 
publiées par le Dr. E-T. Hamy. Paris. Two 
portfolios with plates and text. 

In the second part, in pl. xxvii, no. 86, and on p. 54 
are illustrated and described a terracotta vessel said to 
have been discovered in Palenque by L. J. Camacho in 
1842. See fig.6. In pl. xxv, nos. 76 and 77, and on p. 
50, Hamy figures a ‘“‘katun et médaillon en stuc”’ from 
Palenque. No. 76 Hamy identifies as that sent from 
the ruins by Galindo and figured by him in 1834. No. 

7 is a fragment of a stucco human face with mask, 
collected by Charnay, which was found on the floor of 
the celebrated Gallery of the Medallions. 


Hoimes, William H. Archeological studies among 
the ancient cities of Mexico. Part II, Monu- 


1544 BIBLIOGRAPHIC Aa 


ments of Chiapas, Oaxaca and the Valley of 
Mexico, Field Columbian Museum, Anthropo- 
logical Series, vol. 1, no. 1, Chicago, Feb. 


Fic. 6.—Vase in the Musée d’Ethnographie du Trocadero, Paris. 


Palenque, pp. 151-209, pl. xix—xxv, fig. 42-67. PI. 
xxiv is a sketch map, and pl. xxv a panorama of the 
group. Professor Holmes was a member of the 
Armour expedition, and with E. H. Thompson was at 
Palenque in February, 1895. This is one of the most 
valuable studies of the architecture of Palenque. 
The panorama affords a splendid view of the group- 
ing of the important temples and other edifices. 


ON PALENQUE 155 


FORSTEMANN, E. Die Kreuzinschrift von Palenque. 
Globus, Braunschweig, Bd. Lxxu, no. 3, pp. 45- 
49, 2 ill., July. 


Translated into English and published under the 
title, The Inscription on the Cross of Palenque, in 
Bull. 28, Bureau of American Ethnology, pp. 547-555, 
pl. 41, 43, 44, Washington, 1904. 


1897-1898 


SAVILLE, Marshall H. [Report of the Loubat expe- 
dition to Palenque.]| 


During the winter of 1897-1898, the late Duc de 
Loubat supplied the means for the American Museum 
of Natural History to send an archeological expedition 
to southern Mexico, under the terms of a concession 
granted to the Museum by the Mexican Government. 
The writer, accompanied by H. C. Humphries as 
engineer, left New York in October, planning to 
conduct work in the region of the upper Usumacinta 
river in the State of Chiapas, principally at the ruins of 
Menche, otherwise known as Lorillard City, but now 
better known as Yachilan. The expedition had 
probably the most complete equipment for prosecuting 
archeological work ever sent to tropical Mexico or 
Central America up to that time, including several 
tons of special paper purchased in Spain for making 
molds of sculptures. According to the terms of the 
concession the interests of the Mexican Government 
were to be represented in the field by the Inspector of 
Ancient Monuments, Leopoldo Batres. After reaching 
the City of Mexico and notifying the Department of 
Justice and Public Instruction of the writer’s intention 
to work at Yachilan, he was obliged to wait more than 
a month for Sr. Batres to make his preparations for the 
journey. On our arrival in Chiapas, Batres refused 
to go to Yachilan, claiming that the site was within 
the Republic of Guatemala. Consequently the writer 


156 BIBLIOGRAPHIC] 


was obliged to change his plans entirely, and Palenque 
seemed to be the best place in which to carry on 
operations. The entire outfit therefore was trans- 
ported with great difficulty to that site. Owing to 
constant rains, the road from Monte Cristo on the 
Usumacinta river to the village of Santo Domingo de 
Palenque was almost impassable. After getting the 
outfit to the ruins, Batres refused to take up his abode 
there, and remained in the village, making only one or 
two trips to the ruins during the six weeks the expe- 
dition remained in Chiapas. Owing to the fact that 
Batres did not like the climate, he placed every 
obstacle in the way of the investigation, even using his 
influence to prevent the hire of laborers. At that time 
labor was scarce, for in the neighboring mountain 
region there was great need of men to work in the 
coffee plantations; yet from the village it might have 
been possible to enlist a force of workmen sufficient to 
carry on important work. Nevertheless, it was found 
practicable to procure only two or three men to live at 
the ruins, except for several days when seven were 
employed, but these would not remain over night at 
the place, and it was not even possible to hire a cook. 
Mr. Humphries became ill and was obliged to return 
to the United States. Hence after remaining practi- 
cally alone at Palenque for several weeks, with only a 
handful of men to clear the forest and to carry on 
excavations, all hope of working there was abandoned. 
Added to these difficulties was the almost continuous 
rain, for the rainy season that year continued well into 
January. On leaving Palenque I was obliged to wait 
eighteen days at Monte Cristo before the arrival of a 
river boat to take the party to Laguna, en route to 
Vera Cruz. 

The meager results of these investigations at 
Palenque are set forth in the following report: 


HOUSE B, PALACE GROUP 
A general view of the site of the ancient cites of 
Palenque, looking west, is shown in fig 7. The ruins 
are in the heavily forested hilly section beyond the 
plain. 


ON PALENQUE 157 


In clearing the vegetation from the roofs of the 
buildings surrounding the Western Court of the 
Palace,! I discovered a much destroyed grotesque 
face or mask in stucco in the center of the facade on 
the western end of House B. The right side of the 
face had a large lobed ear-ornament, above which the 
remains of a winged ornament were found. A single 
perfect glyph placed close to it represents the sign for 
the day 1 Ahau. This edifice, like most of the 
Palenque buildings, once supported a wall-like struc- 
ture rising from the center of the roof, called the roof- 
comb. Like all the others of the houses of the Palace 
Group, this had fallen, a portion of it in such a way as 
to make a bridge between Houses B and E, the two 
buildings being so close together that their projecting 
cornices almost touch each other (figs. 8,9). Mauds- 
lay speaks of a bridge thrown across the very narrow 
space between the roof of this house (B) and that of 
House E, apparently not recognizing its true character. 
The fallen débris of the roof-comb resting on the roof 
of House E covered a small portion of the left side of 
the face. In order to uncover this portion of the face, 
two laborers were set to work removing tree roots, soil, 
and stones, a work much hampered by the presence of 
a large ants’ nest. 

The ear-ornament at the left side of the mask was 
well preserved by the fallen mass of masonry, but the 
corresponding single glyph as found on the other side 
of the mask had been destroyed. This should be the 
sign for the named month and could bear only one of 
four numerals, namely, 3, 8, 13, or 18. This face or 
mask has large eyes, and from what remained of the 
demolished nose it appeared to have been of the long 
uplifted type, the characteristic feature of the so-called 
“long-nose god.’’ The greater number of analogous 
stucco masks on the Palenque buildings appear to be 
of this type. Above this mask, under the protecting 


1 The Palace Group is constructed in the form of an 
irregular structure 340 feet long by 260 feet wide and 
about 60 feet high. 


158 BIBLIOGRAPHTOC Wot 


*JSOM SUTYOO] ‘onbuajeg Jo 9}IS 94} JO MaIA [eIOUay)—'"/ “OI 


ON PALENQUE 159 


edge of the cornice, are traces of bright-red paint on 
the stucco surface of the wall. This partially pre- 
served mask appears to have been the central one of 
three which decorated the facade, the other two having 
been totally destroyed. 

In the débris close to the facade were found a 
number of interesting fragments of stucco figures as 
decorative ornaments, broken off by the falling of the 
masonry of the roof-comb. They were so brittle by 
the action of perpetual dampness that most of them 
crumbled when exposed. Some of the pieces still 
preserved their bright-red paint. One fragment repre- 
sented a bird’s head, and another was part of a human 
body painted red. Several curious little ball-like 
ornaments were found. Many little rods and strips of 
cut stone were scattered throughout the débris, and 
similar pieces projecting from the fagade showed their 
purpose in holding the stucco decorations in place. 
One large fragment in the form of a torso, without 
trace of arms, simply showing the decoration of a 
garment, like the remains of the pier panels, was 
strengthened by the insertion of several such strips of 
stone, which insured solidity much better than the 
cords and sticks found in the stucco-work of the later 
Mayan city of Labna in Yucatan. In the upper part 
of the débris was a large slab which evidently had 
formed part of the roof-comb. 


HOUSE E, PALACE GROUP 


House E is one of the most interesting buildings of 
the Palace group, and is the only house in Palenque in 
which the outer roof is still in a relatively good state of 
preservation. Unlike practically all of the buildings 
at the site, this house shows no sign of having sup- 
ported the lofty roof-comb, so characteristic of this 
group of ruins. Fig. 8, from a photograph made by 
the Loubat Expedition, is a view southeastward from 
the roof of House C; it shows the covering of thick 
white plaster, and the gentle pitch of the roof with a 
peculiar slight bevel near the center. This type of 


160 BIBLIOGRAPHIC NOTES 


*ysvay Nos 
BuUIyOoY *punoiZaIoj oy} Ul | eSNoY Jo jooy 


‘onbusyeg 7e aoe[ed ay [—’s3 “SI 


ON PALENQUE 161 


House E at right, House B at left. 


Fic. 9.—The Palace at Palenque. 


162 BIBLIOGRAPHIC NOTES 


Fic. 10.—The Palace at Palenque. House C at right, House E at left. 


ON PALENQUE 163 


roof, unusual in Palenque, the very slightly sloping 
facade front, and the fact that the foundations of 
Houses B and C were built against its walls (figs. 9, 10), 
indicate, as recognized by both Holmes and Maudslay, 
that it was undoubtedly one of the earliest buildings of 
the Palace group. 

The structure is further noteworthy for the stucco 
ornaments which decorate the northern end of the 
eastern corridor-like chamber. A wall extends length- 
wise in the middle of the house, separating the two long 
parallel corridor-like chambers. In the western room 
there is set in this wall an oval sculptured slab with 
two seated human figures, the seat of the principal 
figure being in the form of a double-headed animal; 
above the figures are two short hieroglyphic in- 
scriptions. Above this slab also, below the spring of 
the roof, is a long inscription painted in black, which 
was copied and published for the first time by 
Maudslay. 

In the southern end of the same corridor is an 
opening in the floor, from which descends a stairway 
leading to one of the three subterranean passages 
which communicate with the three known subter- 
ranean corridors in the southern part of the structure. 
There is every reason to believe that there is a series of 
chambers in the substructure of the northern section 
of this group. The Loubat Expedition made a 
number of sounding tests, and found several places 
where the hollow sound seemed to indicate the 
existence of an underground chamber, but was 
forbidden by the Inspector of Monuments from 
making any excavations of this nature. Undoubtedly 
the majority of the substructures of temples and other 
edifices are honeycombed with corridors and rooms. 

Maudslay states that the walls of this house appear 
to have been ornamented inside and out with painted 
designs and inscriptions, and some of the decorations 
can still be traced on the outside of the western wall. 
Dr. and Mrs. Seler laboriously copied all of the visible 
paintings on both the outer and the inner walls. 
These are published in Seler’s study (1915). 


164 BIBLIOGRAPHIC NOTES 


TOMB NORTHEAST OF THE PALACE 
GROUP 


The entrance of a small tomb or burial cist was 
accidentally discovered in the forest northeast of the 
Palace, across the river, eastward from the bridge and 
outside of the limits of Maudslay’s map. The 
entrance had been previously opened, but on sounding 
the floor it seemed as if there might be another 
chamber beneath. In order to facilitate this search, a 
clearing was made around the front and top of the 
tomb, that the roof stones might be removed. This 
small burial chamber was found to have been built on 
a shelf cut out of the bedrock on the northern side of a 
low mound or hill. The top of the eminence served as 
a base for a series of stone buildings now entirely in 
ruins and covered with dense forest growth. 

The tomb in question was constructed by laying 
two flat stones for a floor; two stones each formed the 
side walls, and three stones were placed across for the 
flat roof. The inner end of the chamber was placed 
against the slightly sloping bedrock. Against the 
ledge and resting on the side wall was a pole-shape 
stone, serving at the point asa roof stone. It is of the 
same material as that of the tablets in the buildings, 
the roof cap-stones, and others used in the con- 
struction of the edifices. It is probable that these 
stones were quarried in rather thin slabs, the cleavage 
making it necessary only to smooth the surfaces and 
to dress the edges. The pole-like stone in this roof 
shows well the pecking or hammering to shape it 
roughly with a stone chisel or celt. 

The floor of the tomb was covered with about half 
an inch of earth, but as the outer northern end had 
been opened, this soil may have washed in from above. 
The floor stones when raised were found to rest on the 
ledge rock, so that the only result of the examination 
was the knowledge gained concerning the construction 
of this class of burial chambers. The side wall stones 
were somewhat out of place, and the top of the roof 
was covered with an average of one foot of stones and 


ON PALENQUE 165 


earth closely packed, over which was about six inches 
of vegetal débris. In the lower layer were found two 
fragments of obsidian knives, a sherd of an ordinary 
earthen plate, and a broken grinding-stone. The 
dimensions of this tomb are: Length, six feet two 
inches; width, one foot two inches, height ten inches, 


SMALL SEALED BUILDINGS, PERHAPS 
TOMBS 


South of the Palace group, ascending the Michol 
river for about a quarter of a mile, at the very out- 
skirts of the city, is a group of low-chambered mounds, 
and some small stone structures still standing. These 
little buildings are closed or sealed, and the group is 
undoubtedly the place of burial of ancient priests. 
With only three men I spent a number of days 
endeavoring to force an entrance into one of these 
chambers, but without success. The incessant rains 
and lack of sufficient workmen made it necessary, with 
great reluctance, to discontinue the effort. 

The present-day Indians of Palenque speak a 
dialect of the Maya language, Putun. In fig. 11 is 
reproduced a photograph of a woman of pure blood 
reputed to be one hundred years old. It was taken by 
the author in the village of Palenque, December 1897. 


nat BATRES REPORT 


The Inspector of Monuments, Leopoldo Batres, 
made a report of the explorations at Palenque to Sr. 
Don Joaquin Baranda, Minister of Public Instruction 
of Mexico. This report follows: 

“‘In obedience to the terms of clause 3 of the permit 
granted to Mr. Marshall H. Saville, I proceeded to the 
ruins of Palenque, arriving at the village of Santo 
Domingo de Palenque on December 5th last [1897]. 

‘Between that day and the 15th of the same month 
I visited the ruins repeatedly in company with the 
concessionaire, Mr. Saville, in the meantime setting a 
gang of men at work to clear the vegetation from the 
eastern side of the pyramid on the top of which the 
Palace is situated, and also from the roofs of the ruins. 


12 


166 BIBLIOGRAPHIiG iG. 


Fic. 11.—Putun Indian woman of the village of Palenque, reputed to 
be a centenarian. : 


ON PALENQUE 167 


‘“This work was rendered difficult by the constant 
rain and the scarcity of laborers; yet with great energy 
Mr. Saville began to conduct his excavations. On the 
16th he opened one of the sepulchers situated to the 
southeast of the Palace, on the left bank of Bafios 
creek, but he found nothing in it but some damp earth. 
On the 20th, the same gang of workmen cleared the 
western side of the pyramid which forms the roof of 
the apartments or oratories on the south of the 
principal court of the Palace, during which operation 
fragments of stucco were discovered, as well as one of 
the large masks decorating the four sides of the 
pyramid that covers the roof. On the 21st Mr. 
Saville made some excavations in the destroyed 
edifice situated some six hundred meters northwest 
from the Palace, and he continued these excavations on 
the 23d. On the 21st also, Mr. Saville sent a gang of 
workmen to open a sepulcher situated northwest from 
the Palace, but again nothing was found in it. 

“From December 23d to January 3d, Mr. Saville 
made his last attempts at exploration, and amongst 
other things, opened a sepulcher on the right bank of 
Bafios creek, without obtaining any result. Mr. 
Saville was by this time fully convinced that he would 
meet with no success in his explorations, owing to a 
variety of adverse circumstances, the chief of which 
was his conviction that the antiquities of which he was 
in search have been completely destroyed by moisture. 
He therefore decided to abandon his explorations, 
which he did on January 4th. 

‘f All of which I have the honor of laying before you 
as the result of Mr. Saville’s explorations in the ruins 
of Palenque.” 

(Signed) LEOPOLDO BATRES. 


1898 
HoimeEs, William H. Palenque. Monumental Re- 


cords, New York, vol. 1, nos. 5 and 6, pp. 57-67, 
13 ill., May and June. 


168 BIBLIOGRAPH TG Awe 


An editorial note states that ‘“‘The above article is 
reprinted from Archzological Studies Among the 
Ancient Cities of Mexico ... part of the text and 
illustrations being omitted to bring it within the limits 
of Monumental Records.” 


1899 


FORSTEMANN, E. Aus dem Inschriftentempel von 
Palenque. Globus, Braunschweig, Bd. Lxxv, 
Heft 5, pp. 77-80, 29 figs. 

Translated into English and published under the 
title, The Temple of the Inscriptions at Palenque, in 
Bull. 28, Bureau of American Ethnology, pp. 575-580, 
Washington, 1904. 

FORSTEMANN, E. Drei Inschriften von Palenque. 
Ibid., Bd. Lxxvi, Heft 11, pp. 176-178, 9 figs. 


Translated into English and published under the 
title, Three Inscriptions of Palenque, in Bull. 28, 
_ Bureau of American Ethnology, pp. 583-589, fig. 113, 
Washington, 1904. 
Maups.ay, Anne Cary, and Alfred P. A glimpse at 
Guatemala. London. 
For Palenque see pp. 224-229, 6 pl., 2 ill. 


1902 


FORSTEMANN, E. Die Kreuzinschrift von Palenque. 
Zeitschrift fir Ethnologie, Berlin, Bd. xxxtv, pp. 
105-121. 


CHAVERO, Alfredo. Calendario de Palemke. Los 
signos de los dias. Memoria presentada al 
XIII Congreso de Americanistas. Mexico. 
42 pp., 4 ills. 

See title under 1905. 


ON PALENQUE 169 


1903 


FORSTEMANN, E. Zusammenhang zweier Inschriften 
von Palenque. Globus. Braunschweig, Bd. 
LXxxI1l1, Heft 18, pp. 281-284. 


1905 


CHAVERO, Alfredo. Palemke calendar, the signs of 
the days. Proceedings of the International 
Congress of Americanists, 13th Session, New 
York, 1902, Easton, Pa., pp. 41-65. 


With the exception of the notes in Spanish, this 
paper is an English translation of the item under 1902. 


1907 


EL Capitan Dupaix y las ruinas de Ococingo y 
Palenque. Anales del Museo Nacional, Mexico, 
segunda época, tomo Iv, entregas 1-2, pp. 1-23. 


This report, copied in 1906 from the original manu- 
script preserved in the Episcopal Archives of Chiapas, 
relates to investigations in regard to Guillermo 
Dupaix and his exploration of the antiquities of 
Ococingo and Palenque in 1805-1807. Dupaix was 
suspected of treason to the Viceroy Iturrigaray, and 
the exploration of the ruins was said to have been a 
ruse to cover plans for some foreign invasion. From 
this document it is learned that Dupaix was acquitted 
of the charge and that aid was promised him for the 
continuance of his researches. 


1908 


L. T. O. La cruz de Palenque. Revista Nacional, 
Mexico, afio I, num. 2, June 29. 


170 BIBLIOGRAPHR PCa 


A notice of the arrival in the City of Mcxieo of the 
first or left-hand section of the Tablet of the Cross, 
brought from the ruins of Palenque by order of 
Minister D. Justo Sierra to complete the entire tablet 
in the Museo Nacional of Mexico. A photograph 
shows two corners of the tablet damaged in trans- 
portation. The central panel was for a long time in 
the city; the third or right-hand panel was returned to 
Mexico in 1908 by the United States National 
Museum, 


BATRES, Leopoldo. Las ruinas de Palenque. In- 


forme rendido a la Secretaria de Justicia é 
Instruccié6n Puiiblica en 28 de Enero de 1898. 
Mexico. 21 pp., 2 pls. 


1910 


RICKARDS, Constantine George. The ruins of 


Mexico. London. Vol. 1, Ruins of Palenque, 
text pp. 3-6; 33 mounted photographs of 
Palenque, with titles on pp. 8-18. 


1911 


SAVILLE Marshall H. The work of the Loubat 


expedition in southern Mexico. Paris, March 
23. 4 pp. 


This leaflet, printed in Paris by the Duc de Loubat, 
embodies a brief report to the patron of the expedition, 
relating to the difficulties the leader experienced with 
Leopoldo Batres, the Mexican Inspector of Monu- 
ments. Owing to lack of codperation on the part of 
the Inspector the plan for the work of the Loubat 
Expedition at Chiapas and Palenque could not be 
consummated. See entry under 1897-1898. 


ON PALENQUE et 


SELER, Eduard. Ein Brief aus Mexiko (Palenque). 
Zeitschrift fiir Ethnologie, Berlin, Bd. xLiI, pp. 
310-315, 3 ill. 


BATRES, Leopoldo. Basementos de las ruinas de 
Palenque. Mexico. 


Contains a page of text entitled ‘‘La Verdadera 
forma de las Bases de los Monumentos de los Edificios 
de Palenque,’’ with a panorama based on that of 
Holmes, but containing a restoration of the sub- 
structures of the buildings, etc. 


1912 


SANDBERG, Harry C. Ancient temples and cities of 
the New World. Palenque. Bulletin of the 
Pan American Union, Washington, pp. 344-360, 
map, 10 ills., March. 


1913 


SPINDEN, Herbert Joseph. A study of Maya art, its 
subject matter and historical development. 
Memoirs of the Peabody Museum of American 
Archaeology and Ethnology, vol. v1, Cambridge. 


Morey, Sylvanus Griswold. Archaeological re- 
search at the ruins of Chichen Itza, Yucatan. 
Extracted from ‘‘ Reports upon the present con- 
dition and future needs of the science of anthro- 
pology,” presented by W. H. R. Rivers, A. E. 
Jenks, and S. G. Morley, at the request of the 
Carnegie Institution of Washington, pp. 61-91. 
Washington. [n.d.] 


172 BIBLIOGRAPH lCay 


Mention of Palenque (pp. 64-65) is made in con- 
nection with the notice of the cities forming a group 
established by the Maya shortly after the beginning 
of the Christian era. On p. 87 is a brief list of studies 
relating to the ruins. 


1915 


SELER, Eduard. Beobachtungen und Studien in den 


Ruinen von Palenque. Abhandlungen der Kénigl. 
Preuss. Akademie der Wissenschaften, Berlin, 
Jahrgang 1915, 129 pp., map, 19 pl., 146 figs. 

Professor and Mrs. Seler spent three weeks at the 
ruins late in summer of 1911. The present study 
presents much new material, especially on the stucco 
ornaments and paintings found in the Palace, here 
illustrated for the first time. 


1917 


Morey, Sylvanus Griswold. The rise and fall of 


the Maya civilization in the light of the monu- 
ments and the native chronicles. Proceedings of 
the Nineteenth International Congress of Ameri- 
canists, Washington, 1915, pp. 140-149, 11 pl., 


Washington. 


In pl. 111, c, is reproduced a painting of the Palenque 
site by Carlos Vierra. Morley discusses the oc- 
cupancy of Palenque, based on the range of known 
dates, during the so-called Old Empire epoch. Ac- 
cording to his correlation of the dates, they fall 
between the years 360 to 420 A.p.; but he states that 
the question yet remains to be determined, as the art 
and architecture of the city are such as hardly to have 
been achievable before one hundred years later. 
Morley believes that it may be possible to explain this 
discrepancy by the presumption that certain tablets 
may have been designed for earlier buildings. 


ON PALENQUE 173 


1918 


Morey, Sylvanus Griswold. Archeology. Ex- 
tracted from Year Book No. 17 of the Carnegie 
Institution of Washington (for the year 1918). 


On pp. 275-276 Morley records a visit to the ruins 
and recounts the discovery of ‘‘two new initial series, 
one on the left-hand pier of the facade of the Temple 
of the Sun, and the other on the back wall of the outer 
chamber of the Temple of the Beau Relief. Unfortu- 
nately both were entirely destroyed save for their 
introducing glyph, and decipherment was impossible.” 


1920 


Mor.Ey, Sylvanus Griswold. The inscriptions at 
Copan. Publication No. 219, Carnegie Insti- 
tution of Washington. 

Contains numerous references to Palenque. 


1921 
Pepe shuBIN, Luis. Mejico en 1521. Raza 
Espafiola, Madrid, afio 11, nim. 33, pp. 10-19, 
Sept. 


The plate opposite p. 12, fig. 1, illustrates a bas- 
relief from Palenque, with the caption, ‘The god 
Quetzalcoatl, ruins of Palenque.” 


1922 


Harris, W.R. Parent lands of our Algonquins and 
Hurons. Thirty-third Annual Archaeological 
Report, Toronto. 


On pp. 42-44 is a rhapsody describing an evening 
spent alone at the ruins. 


174 BIBLIOGRAPHIC 


1923 


PANAGOS, Ranulfo. Las famosas ruinas de Palenque. 
Orto, Organo de la Sociedad de Estudiantes 
Chiapanecos, Mexico, afio 1, nim. 4, Feb. 


Joycr, T. A. Guide to the Maudslay collection of 
sculptures, casts and originals from Central 
America, British Museum. London. 


The casts of Palenque sculptures are described with 
an interpretation of the dates on pp. 74-79. PI. vi 
is the Tablet of the Sun, and pl. vit is Maudslay’s 
photograph of the east court of the Palace, showing 
the tower. 


Biom, Frans. Las ruinas de Palenque, Xupa y 
Finca Encanto. Manuscript report to the 
Direccién de Antropologia, Secretaria de Agri- 
cultura y Fomento, Mexico. 232 pp., 143 figs., 
2 folded plans. 


An important report of several months’, work of 
exploration and excavation, not yet published. 


1924 


SPINDEN, Herbert Joseph. The reduction of Mayan 
dates. Papers of ihe Peabody Museum of 
American Archeology and Ethnology, Harvard 
University, vol. v1, no. 4, Cambridge. 


In this important book (pp. 168-175, 181-208) 
Spinden discusses at length the various inscriptions at 
Palenque, correlating the dates with those of the year, 
month, and day of our calendar. 


ON PALENQUE 175 


1925 


Joyce, T. A. An example of cast gold-work dis- 
covered in Palenque by De Waldeck, now in the 
British Museum. Proceedings of the Twenty- 
first International Congress of Americanists, The 
Hague, pt. I, pp. 46-47, 2 ill. 


RICKETSON, Oliver. Burials in the Maya area. 
American Anthropologist, Menasha, Wis., n.s., 
vol. 27, no. 3, pp. 381-401, July. 


On pp. 383-386 the author treats of the tombs 
discovered at Palenque as noted by Waldeck, Mauds- 
lay, Thompson, and Blom. 


1926 


TOTTEN, George Oakley. Maya architecture. Wash- 
ington. 
Palenque is treated on pp. 74-91, pls. xx—xxviii. 
On pl. xxviii is an illustration of the model of the 
Temple of the Sun on exhibition at the American 
Museum of Natural History, New York. 


1926-1927 


Biom, Frans. Tribes and temples. A record of the 
expedition to Middle America conducted by 
The Tulane University in 1925. New Orleans. 
2 vols. 


In this work Blom publishes a résumé of his report 
(see item under 1923) on the Palenque ruins, in vol. 1, 
chap. vii, pp. 169-189, pl. i-ii, figs. 127-163, and a 
“rough plan of Palenque ruins in 1923.” He states 
that the ruins cover about 16 square kilometers in 
extent. This report is highly important. 


176 BIBLIOGRAPHIC NG ia 


1927 


BEYER, Hermann. Dos fechas del palacio de 
Palenque. Revista Mexicana de Estudios Hts- 
toricos, Mexico, tomo I, nim. 1, pp. 107-114, 5 
figs., Enero y Febrero. 

This study relates to the two tablets illustrated in 
our figs. 2 and 4. Beyer has rectified the drawing of 
the first two glyphs in each tablet as published by 


Dupaix which corresponds to the corrections made 
in our figures. 


THompson, J. Eric. The elephant heads in the 
Waldeck manuscripts. Scientific Monthly, 
Lancaster, Pa., pp. 392-398, 5 figs., Nov. 


Illustrates several water-color paintings made by 
Waldeck in 1832-1833 at Palenque, in the Ayer 
collection, Newberry Library, Chicago. Three of 
these, as represented by Waldeck, apparently depict 
elephant heads made in stucco. Inasmuch as 
Waldeck’s drawings and paintings have long been 
known to be inaccurate, in the light of the many 
photographs made at Palenque during the last seventy 
years, they must be accepted as being purely fanciful, 
as neither Captain Caddy, nor Stephens and Cather- 
wood, who were at Palenque eight years after Wal- 
deck’s visit in 1832, found anything of the sort in the 
ruins, 


1928 


REYGADAS VERTIZ, José. Estado actual de los 
principales edificios arqueologicos. Contribu- 
cion de Mexico al XXIII Congreso de Ameri- 
canistas. Secretaria de Educacion Publica. 
Mexico. 


Palenque is described by Sr. Reygadas Vértiz on 
pp. 161-166, with 9 ill. 


ON PALENOQUE 177 


MARQUINA, Ignacio. Estudio arquitectonico com- 
parativo de los monumentos arqueologicos de 
Mexico. Contribucion de Mexico al XXIII 
Congreso de Americanistas. Secretaria de 
Educacion Publica. Mexico. 

Palenque is treated on pp. 46-50, with 5 pp. of plans. 


PALACIOS, Enrique Juan. En los confines de la selva 
Lacandona. Exploraciones en el Estado de 
Chiapas, Mayo-Agosto, 1926. Contribucion de 
Mexico al XXIII Congreso de Americanistas. 
Secretaria de Educacion Publica. Mexico. 

A visit to Palenque is described in chapter xviii, pp. 
171-175, figs. 128-131. 

Roys, Ralph L. Recent development in Maya 
research. i Palacio, Santa Fe, N. Mex., vol. 
XXV, nos. 21-22, pp. 341-357, Nov. 24, Dec. 1. 


Mentions Blom’s work at Palenque. 


178 BIBLIOGRAPHIC Noite 


AUTHORS 


Baily,-j-s te26 

Bancroft, Hubert Howe, 1882 

Bandelier, Adolphe F., 1881 

Batres, Leopoldo, 1908, 1911 

Beyer, Hermann, 1927 - 

Blom, Frans, 1923, 1926-1927 

Boddam Whetham, J. W., 1877 

Brasseur de Bourbourg, C. E., 1866, 1866-1867 

Brine, Lindesay, 1894 

Brinton, Daniel G, 1885 

Bustamante, Miguel, 1835 

Cabrera, Paul Felix, 1822 

Caddy, John Herbert, 1840 

Calderén, José Antonio, 1784 

Castafieda. See Dupaix, 1834 

Catalogue, 1883 

Catherwood, Frederick, 1844, 1854 

Charnay, Désiré, 1863, 1880, 1881, 1884, 1885, 1887 

Chavero, Alfredo, 1902, 1905 

Cochelet, Adrien, 1832 

Corroy, Francois, -1832 

Cresson, H. T., 1893 

Dupaix, Guillelmo, 1834, 1907 

Estacheria, José de, 1784 

Férstemann, E., 1897, 1899, 1902, 1903 

Galindo, Juan, 1831, 1832, 1833, 1834. See Dupaix, 
1834 

Galindo y Villa, Jesus, 1895 

Gondra, I. R., 1837 


ON PFALENQUE 179 


Goodman, J. T., 1897 

Grosse, Ernst, 1891 

Haebler, Karl, 1895 

Hamy, E.-T., 1897 

Harris, W. R., 1922 

Holmes, William H., 1897, 1898 
Humboldt, A. von, 1810 

Joyce, T. A., 1923, 1925 

Juarros, Domingo, 1808 
Kingsborough, Lord, 1830-1848 
ecg 1908 

Lenoir, Alexandre. See Dupaix, 1834 
Maler, Teobert, 1879, 1884 
Marquina, Ignacio, 1928 

Maudslay, Alfred P., 1896-1902, 1899 
Maudslay, Anne Cary, 1899 

Morelet, Arthur, 1857, 1871 

Morgan, Lewis H., 1880, 1881 
Morley, Sylvanus Griswold, 1913, 1917, 1918, 1926 
Ober, Frederick A., 1884 

Ordofiez y Aguiar, Ramon de, 1784 
Palacios, Enrique John, 1928 
Panagos, Ranulfo, 1923 

Paso y Troncoso, Francisco del, 1893 
Pefiafiel, Antonio, 1890 

Pérez Rubin, Luis, 1921 

Polakowsky, H., 1889 

Rau, Charles, 1879 

Reygadas Vértiz, José, 1928 

Rice, Allen Thorndike, 1880 


180 BIBLIOGRAPH IG ai 


Rickards, Constantine George, 1910 
Ricketson, Oliver, 1925 

Rio, Antonio del. See Cabrera, 1822; Dupaix, 1834 
Rochefoucauld, F. A. de la, 1888 

Rosny, Leon de, 1882 

Roys, Ralph L., 1928 

Sandberg, Harry C., 1912 

Saville, Marshall H., 1897-1898, 1911 
Seler, Eduard, 1892, 1911, 1915 
Spinden, Herbert Joseph, 1915, 1923 
Squier, E. George. See Morelet, 1871 
Stephens, John Lloyd, 1841, 1854 
Thomas, Cyrus, 1885, 1892, 1893 
Thompson, Edward H., 1896 
Thompson, J. Eric, 1927 

Totten, George Oakley, 1926 

Valentini, Philipp J. J., 1893, 1895, 1896 
Viollet-le-Duc, E. E., 1866-1867 
Waldeck, Frederick, 1838, 1865, 1866 
Warden, David B., 1825 


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